Impedance Calculator

Calculates total impedance from resistance and reactance components. Impedance is the AC equivalent of resistance, including the phase angle between voltage and current.

1. 1

   Step 1

   Enter the resistance value (R) in ohms

2. 2

   Step 2

   Enter the reactance value (X) in ohms

3. 3

   Step 3

   Positive X = inductive, negative X = capacitive

4. 4

   Step 4

   View impedance magnitude and phase angle

• 1

  Impedance Z combines R and X vectorially

• 2

  Phase angle shows current-voltage relationship

• 3

  Inductive circuits: current lags voltage (positive angle)

• 4

  Capacitive circuits: current leads voltage (negative angle)

• Adding R and X directly instead of using vector sum

• Confusing impedance with resistance (Z ≠ R for AC)

• Forgetting reactance sign convention

• Not considering frequency dependence of reactance